鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在日常(chang)生活中的應用范圍十分廣泛，類型有這幾種(zhong)(zhong)比如：特種(zhong)(zhong)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、進(jin)口鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、動力鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、智能鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、圓柱電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、聚合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、磷(lin)酸(suan)鐵(tie)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。
那(nei)我們今天(tian)就先分析一下動(dong)(dong)力(li)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，動(dong)(dong)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)最(zui)常(chang)應用于車輛上面，比如(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車。電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車使(shi)用常(chang)見的鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)有兩種，磷(lin)酸(suan)鐵鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)和(he)三元鋰(li)(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。不可否認，電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)車上鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)發生爆炸自(zi)燃的事(shi)故也給(gei)(gei)大家(jia)帶(dai)來了不少(shao)的困擾(rao)。那(nei)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的原理到底是什(shen)么呢？又有什(shen)么方法去預防鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)爆炸呢？那(nei)么今天(tian)由旋力(li)給(gei)(gei)大家(jia)講解下小知識。
鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)為什么會(hui)爆炸(zha)呢？
導致鋰電池爆炸(zha)的原(yuan)因有以下(xia)幾(ji)點：
1、熱(re)失控導致鋰電池自(zi)燃(ran)。是指(zhi)電池本身(shen)過熱(re)，或者(zhe)在(zai)高溫環境下(xia)充電導致自(zi)然(ran)爆炸的現象。
2、鋰電池包(bao)裝破損(sun)或重創(chuang)。鋰電池內部(bu)都是(shi)有一層(ceng)隔(ge)膜，在受到重創(chuang)或者(zhe)尖物(wu)刺穿鋰電池，隔(ge)膜受到損(sun)壞(huai)，導致(zhi)(zhi)鋰電池內部(bu)短(duan)路也(ye)會導致(zhi)(zhi)鋰電池自然爆炸。
3、鋰(li)電(dian)池如果(guo)電(dian)壓和電(dian)流超過了規定的(de)數(shu)值。（比(bi)如20A的(de)鋰(li)電(dian)池使(shi)用30A的(de)充電(dian)器充電(dian)）會導致鋰(li)電(dian)池的(de)溫度過高，這樣也是很(hen)容(rong)易導致鋰(li)電(dian)池爆炸起火的(de)。
4、鋰電(dian)池(chi)質(zhi)量問題。有少數工廠為了節約成本而偷工減料，使(shi)用廢鉛等(deng)作為原料改(gai)裝制作鋰電(dian)池(chi)，這種鋰電(dian)池(chi)沒有品質(zhi)保證(zheng)和品牌認證(zheng)，生產(chan)出來的(de)電(dian)池(chi)也容(rong)易出現“漏電(dian)”這種現象，從而導致鋰電(dian)池(chi)自然鋰電(dian)池(chi)爆炸。
5、低溫狀(zhuang)態下充(chong)電。普通電池在低溫狀(zhuang)況(kuang)下充(chong)電，也容易會(hui)損壞。而(er)且將鋰電池直(zhi)接丟入火中也會(hui)引(yin)發爆炸 。
防止鋰電池自然爆炸的五個方(fang)法：
1、選擇(ze)正(zheng)規廠家出品的(de)鋰電池
請勿選(xuan)擇無標、無質保的(de)鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)。動力鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)常見(jian)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動車或(huo)者汽車，使(shi)用(yong)范圍比較廣泛，從而在市場上存在有品牌鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)同時也存在無牌無質保的(de)，大家盡量選(xuan)擇合格的(de)鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。
2、使用鋰電池原(yuan)配(pei)充(chong)電器
一般的鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)都(dou)會匹配(pei)合格配(pei)套的鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時間不要過長，充(chong)滿電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)后(hou)及時拔掉充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器，請勿(wu)選擇規格不符(fu)合的充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器進行電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。
3、避免(mian)電(dian)池受到重(zhong)創或損壞
在使用(yong)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，請勿將電(dian)池(chi)掰彎、避免電(dian)池(chi)刺破，杜絕這種錯誤及危險的(de)行(xing)為。
4、避免電電池散熱(re)完畢(bi)以后再充
電池在使用過后還是處于散熱狀態，這個時候是不適合充電的。電池本身的熱量加上充電器導入電流的熱量，會讓電池內部急劇的加熱，導致電池水份流失，一旦遇到高溫環境，就會發生自然。盡量將電池放置完全冷卻再去充電，選擇涼快通風的地方。
針對鋰電(dian)池(chi)的(de)爆(bao)炸應(ying)該準備(bei)的(de)措施：
1、在現有的電解液中增加阻燃(ran)劑，雖然對電池的使用(yong)效果(guo)有影響，但最起碼阻燃(ran)。
2、加強保護板(ban)，雖然成本有點高(gao)，但是能有效的解決(jue)問題。
3、鋰電池選(xuan)(xuan)料要(yao)優(you)化合成條(tiao)件，一定(ding)要(yao)選(xuan)(xuan)擇有質量保障的電芯。
4、鋰電池的使用(yong)與存(cun)放要遠(yuan)離火源。
